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Types of Network Topologies

Alternatively referred to as a network topology, a topology is the physical configuration of a network that determines how the network's computers are connected. Common configurations include the Bus topology, Mesh topology, Ring topology, Star topology, Tree topology and Hybrid topology. See each of these topologies

Bus Topology

A bus topology is a type of network setup where each computer and network device is connected to a single cable or backbone. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using the bus topology.




Mesh Topology

A network setup where each computer and network device is interconnected with one another, allowing for most transmissions to be distributed, even if one of the connections go down. This topology is not commonly used for most computer networks as it is difficult and expensive to have redundant connection to every computer. However, this topology is commonly used for wireless networks. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using a mesh topology.



Ring Topology

Ring topology is a computer network configuration where the devices are connected to each other in a circular shape. Each packet is sent around the ring until it reaches its final destination. Today, the ring topology is seldom used. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using a ring topology.






Star Topology

A local area network that uses a star topology in which all nodes are connected to a central computer. The main advantages of a star network are that one malfunctioning node doesn't affect the rest of the network, and it's easy to add and remove nodes. The main disadvantage of star networks is that they require more cabling than other topologies, such as a bus or ring networks. In addition, if the central computer fails, the entire network becomes unusable.







Tree Topology

Tree topology is one of the most common network setups that is similar to a bus topology and a star topology. A tree topology connects multiple star networks to other star networks. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using the star topology.






Hybrid Topology

A combination of two or more different topologies makes for a hybrid topology. When different topologies are connected to one another they do not display characteristics of any one specific topology. This is when it becomes a hybrid topology. It is chosen, when there are more than two basic working topologies in place already and these have to be connected to one another. When there is a star topology connected to another star topology it still remains a star topology. However when a star topology and bus topology are connected to one another it gives rise to the creation of a hybrid topology. Often when the topologies are connected to one another the layout of the resultant topology is difficult to comprehend however the new topology works without any problems.

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